Say the hostname of the server is agnkiaa (e.g. set in your local /etc/hosts file), with its ip address being 162.***.***.***, we can set up SSH keys following the steps below.
Step 1: Generate keygen pair (client)
On the local client（客户端，例如笔记本电脑）：
ssh-keygen -m PEM -t rsa -C "username@your_local_machine"
The string “username@your_local_machine” is added to make the string of the public key more recognizable on the server.
Example:
(base) ➜ ~ ssh-keygen -m PEM -t rsa -C "username@your_local_machine"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (~/.ssh/id_rsa): ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Can be different from the ssh passwd]
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn
Your public key has been saved in ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx username@your_local_machine
The key\'s randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| .............|
| ..............|
| ...............|
| ..............|
| .............|
| ....... |
| ... |
| |
| |
+----[SHA256]-----+
Step 2: Upload your public key to the server
Make sure ssh-agent is running on your local machine.
eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
Add your private key to ssh-agent.
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn
Upload automatically (recommended)
From local client:
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn username@agnkiaa
Upload manually
From local client:
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn.pub | ssh username@agnkiaa "cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
If ~/.ssh does not exist on the server, excute the following line:
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn.pub | ssh username@agnkiaa "mkdir -p ~/.ssh && cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
Step 3: Configure SSH (local)
vim ~/.ssh/config
Locate the configuration of the agnkiaa server which may look like:
Host agnkiaa
HostName agnkiaa
User username ## Your own user name
or:
Host 162.***.***.***
HostName 162.***.***.***
User username
if you use ip as the host name.
Add a new line to the bottom of the configuration:
Host agnkiaa
HostName agnkiaa
User username
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa_agn
Then you can use ssh username@agnkiaa or VScode to connect to the server.